How is site on HD actually found?

Meaning someone types in a site, say www.Henrynet.com . That name is resolved to an ip and off it goes to a Data Center somewhere. It hits that Data Center and it gets to your server then to the directory where your site is hosted. Sort of....

What basic steps are taken? I am sure I left many things out. I am especially interested from the the point where it gets to your server and finds the directory your site is on. How does that go?

 

 

 

 

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